Retina International's Scientific Newsletter

	Retina International's Scientific Newsletter
Editor's Notes from literature on Protein Phosphatase (PP)

Recent update from: 19.12.1999

rdgC

Notes

Ser/Thr-phosphatase
Ca²⁺-regulated?
Rh1 is hyperphosphorylated in rdgC mutants

Species: Drosophila melanogaster

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (9)

PP2A

Notes

Constant activity level in rd/+ mice
Increased activity level in rd/rd mice
Ubiquitous enzyme with broad specificity
Holoenzyme has Molecularweight of 160 kDa
Dephosphorylates RHO

Species: Mus musculus

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 55 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (6)

PP2A, catalytic

Notes

Species:

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

cDNA:

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (1)

PP2A, catalytic

Notes

Species: Rattus norvegicus

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 36 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (7)

PP2A, catalytic a

Notes

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 5q23-q31
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (2)

PP2A, catalytic b

Notes

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 8p12-p11.2
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (2)

PP2A, catalytic iso

Notes

Dephosphorylates Ser and Thr residues (RHO)

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 16
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (2)

PPEF, EF-hand type

Notes

Ser/Thr-phosphatase
Homologue to rdgC of Drosophila
highly expressed in sensory neurons, dorsal root ganglia, and neural crest ganglia

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: Xp22
	in mouse: X

Gene Data

Exons: 16

Primers: complete

Protein Data

Aminoacids: 653 AA

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (5)

PP2C, isozyme a

Notes

PP2CA and B are present in the cytosolic fraction of the retina
Activity depends on Mg²⁺
Ca²⁺ inhibits the activity
IR in ROS
Significant reduction in RCS rats
Monomers
Mn²⁺ is not required

Species: Bos taurus

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

cDNA:

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids: 382 AA

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 42.5 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (3)

PP2C, isozyme b

Notes

PP2CA and B are present in the cytosolic fraction of the retina
Activity depends on Mg²⁺
Ca²⁺ inhibits the activity
IR in ROS
Significant reduction in RCS rats
Monomers
Mn²⁺ is not required

Species: Bos taurus

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

cDNA:

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids: 387 AA

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 42.9 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (3)

PP2A, regulating

Notes

Species:

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 55 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (7)

PP2A, regulating

Notes

Species:

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man:
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 65 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (7)

PPP2R5A, regulatory

Notes

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 1q41
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (4)

PPP2R5B, regulatory

Notes

high expression in brain
linked to the LMBB region

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 11q12
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (4)

PPP2R5C, regulatory

Notes

in nucleus and cytoplasm

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 3p21
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (4)

PPP2R5D, regulatory

Notes

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 6p21.1
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (4)

PP2A,PR55b, regulatory

Notes

No phosphatase activity
Regulates g-subunit
Okadaic acid inhibits PP2A
PP2A might counteract PRKC on dephosphorylating its subtrates

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 11p11.11-15-1
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE: 55 kDa
	calculated:

Reference: (8)

PPP2R5E, regulatory

Notes

Species: Homo sapiens

See also:

Chromosomal localisation	in man: 7p12-11.2
	in mouse:

Gene Data

Exons:

Primers:

Protein Data

Aminoacids:

Molecularweight	on SDS-PAGE:
	calculated:

Reference: (4)

References:

1. da Cruz, S., Alemany, S., Campbell, D.G., and Cohen, P.T. Isolation and sequence analysis of a cDNA clone encoding the entire catalytic subunit of a type-2A protein phosphatase. 1987; FEBS Letters. 221: 415 - 422.
Goto Top

2. Jones, T.A., Barker, H.M., da Cruz, S., Mayer J�ckel, R.E., Hemmings, B.A., Spurr, N.K., Sheer, D., Cohen, P.T., da Cruz, e.-S.-E.F., and Mayer Jaekel, R.E. Localization of the genes encoding the catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 2A to human chromosome bands 5q23-->q31 and 8p12-->p11.2, respectively Localization of the genes encoding the catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 2A to human chromosome bands 5q23-->q31 and 8p12-->p11.2, respectively. 1993; Cytogenet.Cell Genet. 63: 35 - 41.
Goto Top Link to PudMed

3. Klumpp, S., Selke, D., Fischer, D., Baumann, A., Muller, F., and Thanos, S. Protein phosphatase type-2C isozymes present in vertebrate retinae: purification, characterization, and localization in photoreceptors. 1998; J.Neurosci.Res. 51: 328 - 338.
Goto Top Link to PudMed

4. McCright, B., Rivers, A.M., Audlin, S., and Virshup, D.M. The B56 family of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunits encodes differentiation-induced phosphoproteins that target PP2A to both nucleus and cytoplasm. 1996; J.Biol.Chem. 271: 22081 - 22089.
Goto Top

5. Montini, E., Rugarli, E.I., Vandevosse, E., Andolfi, G., Mariani, M., Puca, A.A., Consalez, G.G., Dendunnen, J.T., Ballabio, A., and Franco, B. A Novel Human Serine-Threonine Phosphatase Related To The Drosophila Retinal Degeneration C (Rdgc) Gene Is Selectively Expressed In Sensory Neurons Of Neural Crest Origin. 1997; Hum.Mol.Genet. 6: 1137 - 1145.
Goto Top

6. Palczewski, K., Farber, D.B., and Hargrave, P.A. Elevated level of protein phosphatase 2A activity in retinas of rd mice. 1991; Exp.Eye Res. 53: 101 - 105.
Goto Top

7. Pallas, D.C., Weller, W., Jaspers, S., Miller, T.B., Lane, W.S., and Roberts, T.M. The third subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a 55-kilodalton protein which is apparently substituted for by T antigens in complexes with the 36- and 63-kilodalton PP2A subunits, bears little resemblance to T antigens The third subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a 55-kilodalton protein which is apparently substituted for by T antigens in complexes with the 36- and 63-kilodalton PP2A subunits, bears little resemblance to T antigens The third subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a 55- kilodalton protein which is apparently substituted for by T antigens in complexes with the 36- and 63-kilodalton PP2A subunits, bears little resemblance to T antigens. 1992; J.Virol. 66: 886 - 893.
Goto Top Link to PudMed

8. Smits, P.H., Smits, H.L., Minnaar, R.P., Hemmings, B.A., Mayer J�ckel, R.E., Schuurman, R., van der Noordaa, J., and ter Schegget, J. The 55 kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A plays a role in the activation of the HPV16 long control region in human cells with a deletion in the short arm of chromosome 11. 1992; EMBO Journal. 11: 4601 - 4606.
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9. Vinos, J., Jalink, K., Hardy, R.W., Britt, S.G., and Zuker, C.S. A G Protein-Coupled Receptor Phosphatase Required For Rhodopsin Function. 1997; Science. 277: 687 - 690.
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Contact the editor: irpamp@irpa.org	This site is maintained and edited by Dr. rer. medic. Markus Preising, Dipl.Biol. Molecular Genetics Laboratory Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismology and Ophthalmogenetics University of Regensburg Head: Prof. Dr. med. Birgit Lorenz